Advanced Physics

Explore the principles of Physics with structured topics, real-world applications, and problem-solving techniques.

General Physics: Units, Dimensions & Experiments
1. Units and Dimensions

Fundamental units, derived units, dimensional analysis
2. Errors and Measurements

Least count, significant figures, error analysis
3. Vernier Calipers & Screw Gauge

Measuring length, diameter, and thickness
4. Simple Pendulum

Determination of g using oscillations
5. Young’s Modulus

Elasticity of material
6. Surface Tension

Capillary rise method, effect of detergents
7. Specific Heat of Liquid

Using calorimeter experiment
8. Focal Length of Lenses & Mirrors

u-v method with convex lens & concave mirror
9. Speed of Sound

Using resonance column method
10. Ohm’s Law Verification

Using voltmeter and ammeter
11. Specific Resistance of Wire

Using meter bridge & post office box
Mechanics
1. Kinematics

1D & 2D motion, projectiles, circular motion, relative velocity
2. Laws of Motion

Newton’s laws, frames of reference, friction
3. Work, Energy & Power

Kinetic & potential energy, conservation of energy
4. Momentum & Collisions

Impulse, elastic & inelastic collisions, conservation laws
5. Rigid Body Dynamics

Moment of inertia, torque, angular momentum, rolling motion
6. Equilibrium & Oscillations

Rigid body equilibrium, SHM, forced & damped oscillations, resonance
7. Elasticity

Hooke’s law, Young’s modulus, bulk & rigidity modulus
8. Gravitation

Newton’s law, g, potential, Kepler’s laws, orbits, escape velocity
9. Fluid Mechanics

Pascal’s law, buoyancy, surface tension, viscosity, Bernoulli’s theorem
10. Wave Motion

Progressive & stationary waves, beats, resonance, Doppler effect
Thermal Physics
1. Thermal Expansion

Expansion of solids, liquids and gases
2. Calorimetry & Latent Heat

Heat transfer, phase change, calorimeter method
3. Modes of Heat Transfer

Conduction, convection, radiation, Newton’s law of cooling
4. Kinetic Theory of Gases

Ideal gas laws, Cv & Cp, bulk modulus of gases
5. First Law of Thermodynamics

Equivalence of heat & work, isothermal & adiabatic processes
6. Second Law of Thermodynamics

Reversible & irreversible processes, Carnot engine & efficiency
7. Blackbody Radiation

Kirchhoff’s law, Wien’s law, Stefan’s law
Electricity & Magnetism
1. Electrostatics

Coulomb’s law, electric field, potential, energy of charges
2. Gauss’s Law

Field due to wire, plane sheet, spherical shell
3. Capacitance

Parallel plate capacitor, series & parallel, energy stored
4. Electric Current

Ohm’s law, resistances & cells in series & parallel, heating effect
5. Magnetic Fields

Biot–Savart law, Ampere’s law, solenoid, circular coil
6. Force in Magnetic Fields

Force on moving charges & current-carrying wires
7. Magnetic Moment

Current loop, torque, galvanometer, voltmeter & ammeter
8. Electromagnetic Induction

Faraday’s & Lenz’s laws, self & mutual inductance
9. AC Circuits

RC, LR, LC, LCR circuits with d.c. and a.c. sources
Electromagnetic Waves & Optics
1. Electromagnetic Waves

Characteristics of electromagnetic waves
2. Electromagnetic Spectrum

Radio, microwaves, IR, visible, UV, X-rays, gamma rays & their uses
3. Rectilinear Propagation

Basic principle of light propagation
4. Reflection & Refraction

At plane & spherical surfaces
5. Total Internal Reflection

Concept & applications
6. Prism

Deviation & dispersion of light
7. Thin Lenses & Combinations

Lens formula, magnification & combinations with mirrors
8. Wave Nature of Light

Huygen’s principle, Young’s double slit experiment
9. Diffraction

Diffraction due to a single slit
10. Polarization

Plane polarized light, Brewster’s law, Polaroids
Modern Physics
1. Atomic Nucleus

Structure, properties, and stability
2. Radioactivity

α, β, γ radiations, decay law, decay constant
3. Half-life & Mean Life

Concepts and calculations
4. Nuclear Binding Energy

Mass defect and energy calculations
5. Fission & Fusion

Processes & energy released
6. Photoelectric Effect

Einstein’s explanation & applications
7. Bohr’s Theory

Hydrogen-like atoms & energy levels
8. X-rays

Characteristic & continuous spectra, Moseley’s law
9. de Broglie Wavelength

Wave nature of matter particles